第五部分　阅读理解　(120分)
Passage　1
What　can　you　do　if　you　suffer　from　insomnia?　Two　things:　you　can　eat　certain　foods　that　will　help　you　fall　asleep　and　stay　asleep,　and　you　can　do　certain　things　that　are　sleep-inducing.　Here　are　some　guidelines　Dr.　Schwartz　has　worked　out　after　years　of　research.
a.　If　you've　had　a　bad　night's　sleep,　don't　stay　in　bed　later　the　next　morning.
b.　Don't　go　to　bed　earlier　the　next　night.　Stick　to　your　usual　bedtime　and　rising　pattern.
c.　Don't　nap　during　the　day.　Naps　cut　down　on　night　sleep-time.
d.　Never　lie　awake　in　bed　and　sleeplessness,　thus　reinforcing　your　poor　sleeping　pattern.
e.　When　you　get　out　of　bed　after　an　hour　of　sleeplessness,　do　something,　but　make　sure　it's　something　dull.　Read　a　book　that　doesn't　interest　your　much.　Never　watch　TV　or　listen　to　the　radio.
f.　Try　sitting　still　in　a　chair　in　a　darkened　room;　you'll　be　surprised　how　fast　you'll　get　sleepy.
g.　When　you　retire　for　the　night,　don't　lie　there　rehashing　(重讲)　the　mistakes　of　the　day.　Nor　is　this　the　time　to　plan　your　next　day's　activities　-　you　may　become　too　anxious　or　over-stimulated.
h.　Get　as　much　exercise　as　possible,　preferably　early　in　the　day.　Exercise　is　a　great　sleep　inducer.
i.　Develop　a　bedtime　routine:　closing　up　the　house　and　turning　out　the　lights　in　a　certain　way,　bathing,　plumping　(使鼓起)　up　the　pillows.　Sleep　studies　show　that　doing　things　in　sequence　-　in　a　way　that　tends　to　calm　and　sooth　-　can　help　you　achieve　a　good　sleep　pattern.
As　for　food　intake　to　help　you　sleep,　make　sure　that　your　daily　diet　is　a　balanced　one　and　high　in　tryptophan　(色氯酸),　an　amino　(氨基的)　acid　found　in　certain　foods.　The　body　converts　tryptophan　to　L-　tryptophan　and　then　to　serotomin,　a　body　chemical　crucial　to　the　sleep　process.　Foods　rich　in　tryptophan　are:　whole　or　skim　milk,　eggs,　cheese,　meat,　and　peanuts,　apples,　bananas,　cherries,　dried　prunes　(梅脯),　and　watermelon.　If　you　include　foods　high　in　tryptophan　in　your　daily　diet,　and　incorporate　some　of　the　sleep-inducing　activities　into　your　life,　the　chances　are　good　that　you　will　achieve　a　pattern　of　restful,　soothing　sleep.

36.　Look　over　the　list　of　guidelines　in　paragraph　1.　Which　of　the　following　would　Dr.　Schwartz　probably　approve　of　doing　if　you　can't　sleep?
○A.　Read　an　exciting　novel.
○B.　Go　to　bed　at　your　usual　bedtime.
○C.　Think　about　a　meeting　you　have　to　attend　tomorrow.
○D.　Take　a　nap　at　lunchtime.

37.　In　paragraph　1,　item,　Dr.　Schwartz　implies,　but　not　directly　say　that　________.
○A.　you　should　read　a　book　that　doesn't　interest　you　much
○B.　watching　TV　or　reading　an　interesting　book　will　stimulate　you　and　keep　you　awake
○C.　listening　to　the　radio　will　wake　up　other　people　in　your　house
○D.　you　should　count　numbers　silently

38.　The　third　sentence　in　paragraph　2　is　a　list　of　foods,　paragraph　2　_______.
○A.　does　not　explain　why　these　foods　are　listed　here
○B.　says　to　avoid　the　food　listed
○C.　highly　recommends　that　you　eat　the　foods　listed
○D.　says　that　the　foods　listed　are　very　cheap

39.　The　last　sentence　of　paragraph　2　___________.
○A.　is　pessimistic　about　insomnia
○B.　is　optimistic　about　insomnia
○C.　contains　examples　of　food　high　in　trpytophan
○D.　summarizes　the　entire　article

40.　The　article　mainly　tells　us　___________.
○A.　why　go　to　sleep
○B.　causes　of　insomnia
○C.　ways　to　deal　with　insomnia
○D.　what　foods　can　help　you　sleep

Passage　2
Flu(which　is　short　for　influenza)　is　a　highly　contagious　disease,　the　cause　of　which　is　a　very　tiny　organism　known　as　a　virus.　Several　types　of　flu　are　recognized,　depending　on　the　type　of　virus　that　causes　the　disease.
When　people　catch　flu,　they　often　complain　of　a　headache　or　a　sore　throat.　They　usually　have　a　fever　and　their　temperature　rises　from　the　normal　37C　(98.6F)　to　about　39.5C　(103F).　Sometimes　a　person　has　a　dry　hacking　(猛烈地干咳)　cough　and　aching　joints.
Today　many　doctors　prescribe　drugs　that　fight　the　disease.　And　scientists　have　also　developed　vaccines　(疫苗)　that　help　to　prevent　it.　If　the　patient　has　proper　treatment,　and　complete　rest　in　bed,　the　virus　is　normally　beaten　within　a　week　to　ten　days.
How　does　flu　spread　so　quickly?　When　the　infected　person　breathes　out,　sneezes　or　coughs,　he　gives　out　droplets　(飞沫)　of　moisture　in　the　breath　from　his　mouth　or　nose.　These　remain　in　the　air　for　some　time.　Flu　viruses　are　present　in　these　droplets.　If　a　person　sneezes　in　a　crowed　or　poorly　ventilated　place,　such　as　a　lift,　viruses　can　easily　be　carried　from　an　infected　person　to　a　healthy　person.　This　is　known　as　droplet　infection.　The　healthy　person　will　breathe　in　the　viruses　given　out　by　the　infected　person.
Flu　can　often　cause　complications　in　breathing,　and　general　infection　of　the　lung.　With　elderly　and　weak　people,　these　added　complications　often　yield　serious　results.　The　virus,　if　not　properly　treated,　can　weaken　the　body　so　that　patient　may　develop　more　serious　illnesses,　such　as　pneumonia　(肺炎)　and　bronchitis　(支气管炎).
There　are　three　main　types　of　virus　that　cause　flu,　which　are　called　type　A,　B　and　C.　type　A　is　the　most　powerful　of　the　three,　and　undergoes　minor　changes　in　its　genetic　material　every　few　years.　The　new　form　of　the　virus　is　called　a　strain　(菌株).　The　new　strain　is　not　affected　by　the　current　vaccines.　It　is　said　to　be　'　resistant'　to　them.　So　doctors　must　be　continually　producing　new　vaccines　to　combat　the　new　strains　of　virus.

41.　The　types　of　flu　vary　with　__________.
○A.　the　character　of　organism
○B.　the　portal　of　entry
○C.　the　organ　involved
○D.　the　pathogenic　agents

42.　Today　vaccines　have　been　developed　and　used　for　_______　purposes.
○A.　curative
○B.　preventive
○C.　therapeutic
○D.　diagnostic

43.　The　transmitting　medium　for　flu　is　__________.
○A.　air
○B.　food
○C.　water
○D.　a　mosquito

44.　Flu　is　more　likely　to　affect　___________.
○A.　the　young
○B.　the　adults
○C.　the　elderly
○D.　the　new-born　infants

45.　The　most　dangerous　complication　of　flu　is　__________.
○A.　bronchitis
○B.　inflammation　of　the　lungs
○C.　emphysema
○D.　sinusitis